Maths Olympiad Prep

Track / Stage 7 / 138 of 300 #1538 of 1964

Problem 1538

National Olympiad second round; IMO P1/P4
Geometry Difficulty 7.2 Prove it

Let ABCDABCD be a quadrilateral, let PP be the intersection of ABAB and CDCD, and let OO be the intersection of the perpendicular bisectors of ABAB and CDCD. Suppose that OO does not lie on line ABAB and OO does not lie on line CDCD. Let B′B' and D′D' be the reflections of BB and DD across OPOP. Show that if AB′AB' and CD′CD' meet on OPOP, then ABCDABCD is cyclic.

This one wants a proof. Work it on paper, then read the official solution and mark yourself. Be honest about it: the record is only any use to you if it is.

Next problem →

Official solution

1. Identify Key Points and Properties:
- Let ABCDABCD be a quadrilateral.
- Let PP be the intersection of ABAB and CDCD.
- Let OO be the intersection of the perpendicular bisectors of ABAB and CDCD.
- OO does not lie on line ABAB and OO does not lie on line CDCD.
- Let B′B' and D′D' be the reflections of BB and DD across OPOP.
- AB′AB' and CD′CD' meet on OPOP.

2. Define Intersection Point:
- Let X=AB′∩CD′∩OPX = AB' \cap CD' \cap OP.

3. **Properties of Point OO:**
- Since OO lies on the perpendicular bisectors of ABAB and CDCD, it is equidistant from AA and BB, and from CC and DD.
- OO is the midpoint of the arc ABAB in the circumcircle of △APB′\triangle APB'.

4. Inversion and Symmetry:
- By inversion in PP with radius PA⋅PB′\sqrt{PA \cdot PB'} and symmetry across OPOP, XX and OO are swapped.
- This implies that PX⋅PO=PA⋅PB′PX \cdot PO = PA \cdot PB'.

5. Equality of Products:
- Since B′B' is the reflection of BB across OPOP, PB′=PBPB' = PB.
- Therefore, PX⋅PO=PA⋅PBPX \cdot PO = PA \cdot PB.

6. Cyclic Quadrilateral Condition:
- To show that ABCDABCD is cyclic, we need to show that PA⋅PB=PC⋅PDPA \cdot PB = PC \cdot PD.
- From the previous step, we have PX⋅PO=PA⋅PBPX \cdot PO = PA \cdot PB.
- Similarly, by the same inversion and symmetry argument, PX⋅PO=PC⋅PDPX \cdot PO = PC \cdot PD.

7. Conclusion:
- Since PA⋅PB=PC⋅PDPA \cdot PB = PC \cdot PD, it follows that ABCDABCD is cyclic.

■\blacksquare

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty, ordering) added by this project.