Maths Olympiad Prep

Track / Stage 5 / 106 of 400 #706 of 1964

Problem 706

AIME late
Geometry Difficulty 5.2 Find the answer

As shown in the figure, in △ABC\triangle A B C, ∠A=60∘\angle A=60^{\circ}, points D,ED, E are on side ABA B, and FF, GG are on side CAC A. Connecting BF,FE,EG,GDB F, F E, E G, G D divides △ABC\triangle A B C into five smaller triangles of equal area, i.e., S△CBF=S△FBE=S△FEC=S△GED=S△GDA V S_{\triangle C B F}=S_{\triangle F B E}=S_{\triangle F E C}=S_{\triangle G E D}=S_{\triangle G D A \text { V }} and EB=2CFE B=2 C F. Find the value of BCEF\frac{B C}{E F}.

A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.

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Official solution

4. 72\frac{\sqrt{7}}{2}.

It is known that S△FEA=3S△FBES_{\triangle F E A}=3 S_{\triangle F B E}, so AE=3BEA E=3 B E.
Similarly, we get AF=4CFA F=4 C F.
And BE=2CB E=2 C, so we can set CF=xC F=x, then AF=4x,AC=A F=4 x, A C= 5x,AE=6x,AB=8x5 x, A E=6 x, A B=8 x.
In △FEA\triangle F E A, using the cosine rule we get
EF2=36x2+42x2−2⋅6x⋅4x⋅cos⁡60∘=28x2.  E F^{2}=36 x^{2}+4^{2} x^{2}-2 \cdot 6 x \cdot 4 x \cdot \cos 60^{\circ}=28 x^{2} \text {. }

In △ABC\triangle A B C, using the cosine rule we get
BC2=64x2+25x2−2⋅8x⋅5x⋅cos⁡60∘=49x2. \begin{aligned} B C^{2} & =64 x^{2}+25 x^{2}-2 \cdot 8 x \cdot 5 x \cdot \cos 60^{\circ} \\ & =49 x^{2} . \end{aligned}
 Then BCEF=7x27x=72.  \text { Then } \frac{B C}{E F}=\frac{7 x}{2 \sqrt{7} x}=\frac{\sqrt{7}}{2} \text {. }

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty, ordering) added by this project.