Maths Olympiad Prep

Track / Stage 5 / 331 of 400 #931 of 1964

Problem 931

AIME late
Geometry Difficulty 5.7 Find the answer

A rectangle was cut into nine squares, as shown in the figure. The lengths of the sides of the rectangle and all the squares are integers. What is the smallest value that the perimeter of the rectangle can take?

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A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.

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Official solution

Answer: 52.

Solution. Inside the square, we will write the length of its side. Let the sides of the two squares be aa and bb, and we will sequentially calculate the lengths of the sides of the squares.
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The sum of the lengths of the sides of the two squares adjacent to the left side of the rectangle is equal to the sum of the lengths of the sides of the two squares adjacent to the right side of the rectangle. We get the equation

(2a+b)+(3a+b)=(12a2b)+(8ab)5a+2b=20a3bb=3a \begin{aligned} (2 a+b)+(3 a+b) & =(12 a-2 b)+(8 a-b) \\ 5 a+2 b & =20 a-3 b \\ b & =3 a \end{aligned}

Thus, to minimize the perimeter of the rectangle, we need to choose a=1a=1, b=3b=3. It is easy to check that with these values, the rectangle will have dimensions 11×1511 \times 15, and its perimeter will be 52.

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty, ordering) added by this project.