Maths Olympiad Prep

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Combinatorics Difficulty 5.1 AIME, harder Find the answer

How many different collections of 9 letters are there? A letter can appear multiple times in a collection. Two collections are equal if each letter appears the same number of times in both collections.

A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.

Solution

We put these collections in bijections with binary strings of length 34 containing 9 zeroes and 25 ones. Take any such string - the 9 zeroes will correspond to the 9 letters in the collection. If there are nn ones before a zero, then that zero corresponds to the (n+1)(n+1) st letter of the alphabet. This scheme is an injective map from the binary strings to the collections, and it has an inverse, so the number of collections is (349)\binom{34}{9}.

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