Let n=am−1am−2…a1a0. We know that a0>a1>⋯>am−1.
Since 9n=10n−n, from
a m-1 a m-2 a m-3 a 1 a 0 0 - a m-1 a m-2 a 2 a 1 a 0 b m b m-1 b m-2 b 2 b 1 b 0
we conclude b0=10−a0, b1=a0−(a1+1), b2=a1−a2, b3=a2−a3, ..., bm−1=am−2−am−1, bm=am−1. Those are the digits of 9n, and their sum is am−1+(am−2−am−1)+⋯+(a1−a2)+(a0−a1−1)+(10−a0)=9.