Determine the number of positive integers n for which (n+15)(n+2010) is a perfect square.
Solution
Let m2=n2+2025n+2010⋅15 where m is a positive integer. Then (2n+2m+2025)(2n−2m+2025)=19952. Hence n=(A+B−4050)/4 and m=(A−B)/4
where A and B are integers such that AB=19952, A>B and A+B>4050. Since 19952≡1(mod4), these formulas always give integer values for m and n. Let f(x)=x+x19952. Then f(x2)−f(x1)=(x2−x1)(1−x1x219952)>0 for x2>x1>1995. The first divisor of 19952=32⋅52⋅72⋅192 after 1995 is A=2025=32⋅5⋅72 for which f(A)>4050 fails. The next one A=2527=7⋅192 and hence all the greater divisors satisfy f(A)>4050. The answer is ((2+1)4−1)/2−1=39.
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