Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 5.2 AIME, harder Prove it Ukraine

In the acute triangle ABCABC there are altitudes BPBP and CQCQ, point TT is the intersection of altitudes of △PAQ\triangle PAQ. It turns out that ∠CTB=90∘\angle CTB = 90^\circ. Find the value of ∠BAC\angle BAC.

Solution

The statement of the problem yields ∠BQC=∠BTC=∠BPC=90∘\angle BQC = \angle BTC = \angle BPC = 90^\circ, hence, points Q,T,PQ, T, P lie on the circle with diameter BCBC, and in this exact order: B,Q,T,P,CB, Q, T, P, C (Fig. 6), since △ABC\triangle ABC is acute. Then,
∠QTP=180∘−∠ABP=180∘−(90∘−∠BAC)=90∘+∠BAC. \angle QTP = 180^\circ - \angle ABP = 180^\circ - (90^\circ - \angle BAC) = 90^\circ + \angle BAC.
On the other hand, QT⊥ACQT \perp AC, PT⊥ABPT \perp AB, ∠QTP=180∘−∠BAC\angle QTP = 180^\circ - \angle BAC. Hence,
90∘+∠BAC=180∘−∠BAC⇒∠BAC=45∘. 90^\circ + \angle BAC = 180^\circ - \angle BAC \Rightarrow \angle BAC = 45^\circ.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.